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初一英語上冊(cè)第六單元講義
初一英語上冊(cè)第六單元講義
Beyond time and space
After his supper, Gork went to bed and almost immediately fell asleep. His snore shook the cave.
“Listen, everyone I said.①Here is my plan, First, we will use this laser torch to melt the bars of the cage, and ?”
Peters interrupted me, “then you will use it to kill Gork, Captain.” “We can't kill him!”I said ,②“Otherwise, we can’t open the door and ③escape from here.”
① Here is my plan.這是我的計(jì)劃
這是一個(gè)倒裝句，以here, there開頭的句子，當(dāng)主語是名詞時(shí)，多用倒裝形式。 eg: Here is his pencil.
eg: Here comes the bus.
當(dāng)句子的主語是代詞時(shí)，不用倒裝。
eg: Here you are.
eg: Here he comes.
② Otherwise 否則，不然；另外的
eg: You should go now, otherwise you will miss the bus.
eg: Some are students, some are others.
③ escape的用法
escape作不及物動(dòng)詞，意為“逃跑，逃走”，常與from或out of連用，意為“逃避；從---逃走”，相當(dāng)于run away, get away.
eg. He escaped from prison in October.他10月份從監(jiān)獄中逃了出來。
escape作及物動(dòng)詞，意為“逃脫，逃避”，后常接名詞或動(dòng)詞ing形式作賓語。 eg. You were lucky to escape the fire.他很幸運(yùn)，逃離了火境。
Moments later, we were all out of the cage. I shouted ①besides Gork’s head,“ Gork, this is Nobody! ”Gork ②woke up. I aimed the torch at his eyes, and the laser beam hit the eye. The light in his eye went out. Gork roared . The③ noise brought his kangaroos to his door. They opened the door asked,“ ④What is wrong, Gork?”
①besides,but,except及except for的區(qū)別
except意為"只有??除外;除去??",后跟名詞或代詞作賓語,強(qiáng)調(diào)從整體中除去部分,
即except后的部分不包括在整體之內(nèi)。因此,常和all, everything, no one, nothing等詞一起使用。其判別標(biāo)志是:除去的與保留的是"同類項(xiàng)"。
eg.He gets up early everyday except Sunday. 除星期天外，他每天早起。
except for是"除了因?yàn)??;要不是??;除去??一點(diǎn)外"的意思,表示"對(duì)一個(gè)人或事物,
先做一個(gè)整體評(píng)價(jià),然后再就局部提出一點(diǎn)看法"。即一部分被肯定,另一部分被否定,這就是所謂的"排除否定式"。其判別標(biāo)志是:除去的與保留的"不是同類項(xiàng)"。 eg. The room was very cold and, except for Jack, entirely empty.這個(gè)房間很陰冷，
而且除了杰克，完全是空蕩蕩的。
besides相當(dāng)于as well as,意為"除了??以外還有??",即"除去一部分還有另外一部分
"的意思,表示besides 后面的部分包括在整體之內(nèi)。
eg. Besides his wife，his daughter also went to see him. 除他妻子外，他女兒也
去看過他(即妻子女兒都去看過他)。
關(guān)于 but 與 except
(1) 兩者都可表示“除??外不再有??”，但含義上略有差別：but側(cè)重
指意義的幾乎完整性，而 except 則側(cè)重指后面除去的部分。比較：
All are here but one. 除一個(gè)人都到了。
All are here except one. 還有一個(gè)人沒到。
(2) 在現(xiàn)代英語中，but 的介詞用法十分有限，一般說來，它只能用在下列
詞語之后：
① no, no one, nobody, nothing, nowhere 等
② any, anyone, anybody, anything, anywhere 等
③ every, everyone, everybody, everything, everywhere 等
④ all, none 等
⑤ who, what, where 等 (from www.nmet168.com)
Everyone knows it but you. 除你之外大家都知道。
I haven’t told anybody but you. 除你之外，我沒告訴任何人。
No one but he [him] showed much interest in it. 除他之外沒有一個(gè)人
對(duì)此有很大興趣。
一般說來，若沒有出現(xiàn)上述詞匯，就不宜使用介詞 but， 否則可能造成錯(cuò)
句。但是 except 卻沒有以上限制。比較：
正：The window is never opened except in summer. 除夏天外，這扇窗
戶從不打開。
誤：The window is never opened but in summer.
(3) but 一定不能用于句首，except 通常不用于句首：
除我之外每個(gè)人都累了。
正：Everyone is tired but (except) me.
正：Everyone but (except) me is tired.
誤：But (Except) me, everyone is tired.
注：except for 可用于句首，表示 except 的意思：
正：Except for me, everyone is tired.
②wake up喚醒，叫醒；使?.醒來。如果賓語是代詞，要放在wake up的中間，如果賓
語是名詞，這個(gè)名詞既可以放在中間，也可以放在后面。
eg: Please wake me up at 6 o’clock
③ sound，noise和voice這三個(gè)名詞都可表示“聲音”，但是，它們表示的“聲音”并
不相同。
1. sound作“聲音”，“響聲”講時(shí)，可以指人或動(dòng)物發(fā)出的聲音，或物體碰撞的聲言。
這個(gè)詞的使用范圍很大�？梢哉f，大自然的任何“聲音”都可以用sound。
eg. At midnight he heard a strange sound.半夜里他聽到一種奇怪的聲音。
Light travels much faster than sound.光的傳播速度比聲音快得多。
2. noise意為“噪音”、“喧鬧聲”，常指不悅耳、不和諧的嘈雜聲。
eg. Don’t make any noise! 別吵鬧!
The noise wakes me up.噪音吵醒了我!
The noise of traffic kept him awake.車輛的喧鬧聲使他睡不著。
3. voice一般指人的嗓音或說話、唱歌發(fā)出的聲音。sound和noise不僅能指人的聲音，
還可以表示別的動(dòng)物發(fā)出的聲音;而voice除了有時(shí)可指鳥的聲音外，很少表
示其它動(dòng)物的聲音。例如：
eg. The girl has a beautiful voice.那女孩嗓音很美。
They are talking in low voices.他們正小聲交談。
When the teacher came into the classroom，our monitor spoke in a loud voice，
“Stand up!”老師走進(jìn)教室時(shí)，班長(zhǎng)大聲喊：“起立!”
④ What's wrong? = What's the matter with you?
= What's wrong with you? = What's the trouble with you?
Gork shouted, “Nobody attacked and damaged my eye!”
The kangaroos laughed,“ Nobody attacked you? You just had a bad dream.” At that time, we secretly climbed into the giant ①kangaroos'pockets. Later, when they went back to bed ,they carried us out.
Then we were free.
“What happened to Gork⑥? ”Asked someone.
“I don't know. Maybe he is still in his cave and looking for⑦ Nobody.”
① 名詞所有格
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