Degradation of High Mountain Ecosystems in Northern Europe

Data material of a long-term highmountain ecosystem research project was used to interpret the grazing impact of reindeers. In central Norway investigations were conducted to both, areas where reindeer grazing is excluded, and areas where intensive pasturing is present for a long period of time.The comparative analysis of grazing impact was based on similar environmental conditions. The results were transposed to northern Norway where dramatic overgrazing had been exceeding the carrying capacity.Using landscape ecological mappings, especially of vege ation and soils, the impact of reindeer grazing in different areas became obvious. Non-grazedlichen-dominated ecosystems of the snow-free locations functioned sensitively near the limit of organism survival. These localities were most influenced by grazing as they offer the winter forage to the reindeers. So, intensive grazing in central Norway led to landscape degradation by destruction of the vegetation and superinduced by soil erosion.Those features were comparable to the situation in northern Norway, where a broad-scale destruction of the environment combined with a depression of the altitudinal belts had occurred due to overgrazing.Functioning principles of intact high mountain systems were explained and used to interpret the environmental background for the understanding of degradation phenomena. Finally, the use of a new model calculating the carrying capacity of high mountain landscape was discussed.

作 者： J(o)rg L(o)ffler   作者單位： University of Oldenburg, Institute of Biology and Environmental Sciences, PO Box 2503, D-26111 Oldenburg, Germany  刊 名： 山地科學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(英文版)  SCI 英文刊名： JOURNAL OF MOUNTAIN SCIENCE  年，卷(期)： 2004 1(2)  分類號：   關(guān)鍵詞： Degradation   reindeer grazing impact   high mountains   northern Europe  

【Degradation of High Mountain Ecosyst】相關(guān)文章：

It is (high) time that05-04

Life of High Quality05-04

Cometabolic microbial degradation of trichloroethylene in the presence of toluene04-26

Degradation of 4-CP in an internal electrolysis system04-26

Degradation of 4-CP in an internal electrolysis system04-26

Atmospheric Free Modes and Subtropical High04-28

Experimental study on liquid immiscibility of lamprophyre-sulfide melt at high temperature and high pressure and its geo04-27

求Duffing方程周期解的Mountain Pass方法04-29

Isolation and Characterization of Microorganisms for Degradation of Minimal Oils and Fats at Low Temperatures04-27

RADIATION DEGRADATION OF CHITOSAN IN THE PRESENCE OF H2O204-29