考研英語真題閱讀理解試題及名師解析(十二)

If you intend using humor in your talk to make people smile, you must know how to identify shared experiences and problems. Your humor must be relevant to the audience and should help to show them that you are one of them or that you understand their situation and are in sympathy with their point of view. Depending on whom you are addressing, the problems will be different. If you are talking to a group of managers, you may refer to the disorganized methods of their secretaries; alternatively if you are addressing secretaries, you may want to comment on their disorganized bosses。

Here is an example, which I heard at a nurses' convention, of a story which works well because the audience all shared the same view of doctors. A man arrives in heaven and is being shown around by St. Peter. He sees wonderful accommodations, beautiful gardens, sunny weather, and so on. Everyone is very peaceful, polite and friendly until, waiting in a line for lunch, the new arrival is suddenly pushed aside by a man in a white coat, who rushes to the head of the line, grabs his food and stomps over to a table by himself. “Who is that?” the new arrival asked St. Peter. “Oh, that's God,” came the reply, “but sometimes he thinks he's a doctor�！�

If you are part of the group which you are addressing, you will be in a position to know the experiences and problems which are common to all of you and it'll be appropriate for you to make a passing remark about the inedible canteen food or the chairman's notorious bad taste in ties. With other audiences you mustn't attempt to cut in with humor as they will resent an outsider making disparaging remarks about their canteen or their chairman. You will be on safer ground if you stick to scapegoats like the Post Office or the telephone system。

If you feel awkward being humorous, you must practice so that it becomes more natural, include a few casual and apparently off-the-cuff remarks which you can deliver in a relaxed and unforced manner. Often it's the delivery which causes the audience to smile, so speak slowly and remember that a raised eyebrow or an unbelieving look may help to show that you are making a light-hearted remark。

Look for the humor. It often comes from the unexpected. A twist on a familiar quote “If at first you don't succeed, give up” or a play on words or on a situation. Search for exaggeration and understatements. Look at your talk and pick out a few words or sentences which you can turn about and inject with humor。

21. To make your humor work, you should

[A]take advantage of different kinds of audience。

[B]make fun of the disorganized people。

[C]address different problems to different people。

[D]show sympathy for your listeners。

22. The joke about doctors implies that, in the eyes of nurses, they are

[A]impolite to new arrivals。

[B]very conscious of their godlike role。

[C]entitled to some privileges。

[D]very busy even during lunch hours。

23. It can be inferred from the text that public services

[A]have benefited many people。

[B]are the focus of public attention。

[C]are an inappropriate subject for humor。

[D]have often been the laughing stock。

24. To achieve the desired result, humorous stories should be delivered

[A]in well-worded language。

[B]as awkwardly as possible。

[C]in exaggerated statements。

[D]as casually as possible。

25. The best title for the text may be

[A]Use Humor Effectively。

[B]Various Kinds of Humor。

[C]Add Humor to Speech。

[D]Different Humor Strategies。

名師解析

21. To make your humor work, you should 要想讓你的幽默奏效，你應該

[A]take advantage of different kinds of audience。(充分)利用不同的觀眾。

[B]make fun of the disorganized people。取笑那些做事混亂的人。

[C]address different problems to different people。和不同的人談不同的問題。

[D]show sympathy for your listeners。同情你的聽眾。

【答案】 C

【考點】 段落主旨題。

【分析】 根據(jù)題目知道本題考查的是“幽默須知”的內(nèi)容，定位到第一段。文中說“要使你的聽眾發(fā)笑，你就必須知道如何識別你和他人的共同的經(jīng)歷和問題”，這個就是本題解答的關鍵。加上第一段第三句話“Depending on whom you are addressing, the problems will be different。”(你的問題因人而異。)[A]說利用不同的觀眾，這個提法中的“利用”詞義本身就有侵害客體的含義，讓人覺得是在利用別人的弱點，而且和上文提到的“幽默須知”顯然不符合。[B]僅僅是作者例舉的一個例子，用來表示如何和別人分享經(jīng)歷。[C]很好地表達了第一段的主題。[D]錯在其范圍被縮小了。

22. The joke about doctors implies that, in the eyes of nurses, they are

關于醫(yī)生的這個笑話表明，在護士眼里，醫(yī)生

[A]impolite to new arrivals. 對新人不禮貌。

[B]very conscious of their godlike role. 對自己上帝般的作用非常在意。

[C]entitled to some privileges. 有權獲得某些特權。

[D]very busy even during lunch hours. 午飯時也非常繁忙。

【答案】 B

【考點】 推斷題。

【分析】 根據(jù)本題的題干，定位為第二段，本題講述了一個經(jīng)典的護士看待醫(yī)生的笑話，將上帝比作醫(yī)生那樣表現(xiàn)的傲慢無理。考生應該明白這里實際上是在說醫(yī)生將自己比作上帝，顯得那么傲慢無禮。[A]只是醫(yī)生傲慢舉止中的一項。[B]非常恰當，因為它揭示了護士群體眼中的醫(yī)生那種傲慢的感覺。[C]認為獲得某種特權，是因為沒有理解“St.Peter”的話，被“醫(yī)生把新來的人推到一邊，沖到隊伍的最前面”這個現(xiàn)象誤導，享有特權的印象是中性的描述，其實揭示背后所反應的醫(yī)生的傲慢才是主要目的。[D]選項顯然錯誤。

23. It can be inferred from the text that public services

從文中可以推斷出，公共服務

[A]have benefited many people. 已經(jīng)造福很多人。

[B]are the focus of public attention. 是大眾關注的焦點。

[C]are an inappropriate subject for humor. 是一個不適合做幽默的主題。

[D]have often been the laughing stock。經(jīng)常是別人的笑料。

【答案】 D

【考點】 推理題。

【分析】 根據(jù)公共服務可以定位到第三段最后一句，這句話中提到了“郵局”和“電話”這兩個行業(yè)。文章說“安全的做法是咬住一些替罪羊比如郵局和電話業(yè)，之所以安全是因為這樣不會冒犯什么人”。既然是這樣，那么肯定大家經(jīng)常會拿這個“公共服務業(yè)”來開玩笑的。因此可以得出結論，即[D]是正確選項。[A]和文章的主旨沒有關系，這里也推斷不出這樣的結論。[B]說是大眾關注的焦點，但是這句話沒有表現(xiàn)出原文對這兩個公共行業(yè)的一種戲謔的意味。

24. To achieve the desired result, humorous stories should be delivered

為獲得理想的效果，幽默故事的講述應當

[A]in well-worded language. 言詞適當。

[B]as awkwardly as possible. 盡可能含糊。

[C]in exaggerated statements. 夸張。

[D]as casually as possible.  盡可能隨意。

【答案】 D

【考點】 段落主旨題。

【分析】 本文題目問的實際上是幽默故事的講述方式，可以定位到第四段，它指出幽默要“自然”(natural)，“隨意”(casual)，“急興”(off-the-cut)，“放松”(relaxed)，“舒緩”(unforced)，“緩慢”(slowly)，“輕松”(light-hearted)。只要考生看懂了這些詞的意思，這道題就很容易會選擇[D]選項。

25. The best title for the text may be     本文最佳標題或許是

[A]Use Humor Effectively.  有效使用幽默。

[B]Various Kinds of Humor.  各式幽默。

[C]Add Humor to Speech.  為演講添加幽默。

[D]Different Humor Strategies. 不同的幽默策略。

【答案】 A  

【考點】 文章主旨題。

【分析】 本題考的是對全文的理解，這樣的題目需要對全文的通讀和理解。[A]能夠很好地表示在文中作者教會別人怎樣有效地使用幽默這樣一個事實。而[B]不合適，是因為本文中并沒有談論幽默的種類。[C]僅僅講出了幽默的必要性，但是不能體現(xiàn)出文中教人學會幽默的思想。文章中最后一段也提到不同的幽默策略，但是那僅僅是文章主旨的一小部分。

難句解析：

1. Your humor must be relevant to the audience and should help to show them that you are one of them or that you understand their situation and are in sympathy wit

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