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In the lab
教學(xué)目標(biāo)
1.owledge: words and useful expressions
First of all, once, unless, cupboard electricity turn off, shut, by the side of, soap, taste, oil, mix, mixture, rather, finger, instead of, second (n) , on holiday, message, proper Allow, experiment, basin, finally, lively, sadly, request, Petrol, castor, vinegar, dip, suck
2. Moral Education: To get the students to do everything as carefully as they can.
3.Emotional Education:
To supply the students with a very harmonious atmosphere in order that they can have a successful understanding of the text and discussion.
Main Points: To let the students master and use freely some of the useful everyday English.
1. Here are some dos and don'ts.2. Follow the instructions.
3. What /How about when we leave?4. Make sure that ......
5. Do what he or she tells you to do.6. Please tidy the lab.
7. Could you please show me how to use the computer?
8. Don't touch anything.
Difficult Points:
1.To encourage the students to discuss and then ask them to demonstrate their ideas by using the imperative sentence structure.
2. To review and master the sentence structure of Direct and Indirect Speech.
3.once / unless / as連接的主從句
教學(xué)建議
Since the dialogue and the text of this unit are about chemistry, the teacher may ask some questions about chemistry or other subjects to lead in the dialogue and then show the students the tolls that are used in the chemistry lab when the text is taught.
And also in order to make the class very lively and interesting the teacher may borrow the tubes which are filled with three kinds of liquids from the chemistry lab and ask them to guess what's in the tubes and then ask them to watch the teacher carefully then do what the teacher .
Does, which is the content of the text. In this case the students may feel very new and they may be interested in English class.
In order not to cause something dangerous to happen, the teacher may fill some white vinegar（白醋, some cooking oil(香油),some alcohol(白酒) in the tubes.
重點(diǎn)詞匯講解
1. first of all means first. 意為首先，第一
First of all, I want to say I'm very happy to be here with You.
First of all, we must make a decision.
相關(guān)的詞組：at first which is opposite to "at last " for the first time 第一次
2．a(chǎn)llow 的用法
allow + noun.
allow sb. to do / not to do sth../sb. is allowed to do
allow +doing
(1) He allowed no noise here.
(2) He allowed his boy to spend the weekend with his friends.
(3) Why did you allow her to smoke here?
(4) We don't allow drinking at school.
3. once 是連詞，作“ 一旦……就……”講。
(1) Once she arrives, we can start.
(2) Once you realize it, you will study hard.
(3) Once seen, it can never be forgotten.只要見(jiàn)過(guò)一次就難以忘懷。
注意once 一般和現(xiàn)在時(shí)連用。
4.unless是連詞，相當(dāng)于if …… not ……
(1) He will not come unless his homework is finished. ==He will come if his homework is finished.
(2)You will be in trouble unless you follow my instruction. ==You will not in trouble if you follow my instruction.
unless 和 not …until 的區(qū)別
unless 引導(dǎo)從句時(shí)多強(qiáng)調(diào)條件，而not …… until 句型則強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間。Unless 連接的主從句的時(shí)態(tài)一般是主句是將來(lái)時(shí)而從句現(xiàn)在時(shí)。not …… until 連接的主從句中可以使用多種時(shí)態(tài)。
比較：
(1) You will fail in the exam unless you listen to the teacher carefully in class.
(2) We won't start until Bob comes.
(3) He didn't find out what had happened until his wife told him about it.
5. Don't touch anything unless your teacher tells you to do.
在此句末的to后省略了touch。在英語(yǔ)里，有些動(dòng)詞像hope, like, want, try, need, 助動(dòng)詞如be able to., be going to之后，為了避免前后重復(fù)，往往只用一個(gè)to代表動(dòng)詞不定式。
(1) You can go with me if you'd like to.
(2) You may stay at home if you want to.
(3) I don't want to go there, but he's going to.
6. What about when we leave?
What about ……?與How about ……?可以用來(lái)詢問(wèn)消息、提出建議或征詢意見(jiàn)，其后可接名詞、代詞、動(dòng)名詞、副詞（如next）和狀語(yǔ)從句等。
(1) I'm ready. What about you?
(2) What about playing football?
(3) What about today's match?
7. make sure后跟了一個(gè)省略了that 的從句。當(dāng)表示“ 弄確實(shí)、使確定”意思時(shí)， 常用在祈使句中，其后的從句里要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。當(dāng)make sure 表示“認(rèn)為、確信”的意思時(shí)，其后的從句時(shí)態(tài)可視情況而定。
(1) Make sure (that ) you come early tomorrow.
(2) Make sure ( that ) your room is clean.
(3) We made sure you were not coming today.我們認(rèn)為你今天一定不來(lái)了。
8.turn off 其反義詞是“turn on "
turn up (開(kāi)大) 其反義詞是turn down (關(guān)小)
9.at the end of / in the end
at the end of 意為“ 在……末，在……盡頭”，既可以表示時(shí)間的概念也可以表示空間的概念。而in the end只能表示時(shí)間的概念,其后不能接of短語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于 finally, at last.
(1) At the end of this term we will have a final examination.
(2) He died in the end though the doctors tried their best.
(3) There is a hospital at the end of this road.
10. with表示“ 具有，帶有 ”
(1) China is a country with a splendid culture and a long history.
(2) Mr. Smith is a man with two sons.
(3) I live in a house with two windows.
11.You must do everything as I do.
as為連詞，表示方式，意思是“按照、如同”
(1) State the facts as they are. 要如實(shí)地陳述事實(shí)。
(2) Why didn't you do as I asked?
like /as的區(qū)別
like表示“ 像、如同”的意思是介詞，其后不能跟從句。而as是連詞，要接一個(gè)從句。as當(dāng)作介詞時(shí)表示“作為”。
(1) He doesn't speak as others do. ( 如、像 )
(2) He has a big nose like his father. 像）
(3) He works in the school as a teacher of Chinese.（作為）
12. instead of / instead
instead of 是介詞短語(yǔ)。意思是“代替、而不是”。其后可以接動(dòng)名詞、不定式、介詞短語(yǔ)和名詞、代詞�？煞旁诰涫谆蚓湮彩褂�。
(1) If you are busy, let me go instead of you.
(2) They went there on foot instead of by bus.
(3) This summer I went to Qingdao instead of going to Beijing.
instead是副詞。試比較。
(1) Parents should give their children more advice instead of money.
(2) He never studies. Instead, he plays all day long.
(3) The students didn't smile. Instead, each of them made a face.
13. taste/ smell/sound/look /feel 等感官動(dòng)詞的用法。其后必須加形容詞。
(1) The flowers smell very nice.
(2) The old woman looked very worried.
(3) The cloth feels very soft.
(4) The food tastes so delicious that I cant wait any longer.
14. None of you watched carefully enough.
none為不定代詞，意思是“ 沒(méi)有一個(gè)人或物”。none 做主語(yǔ)指代可數(shù)名詞時(shí)，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞單復(fù)數(shù)形式都可以，但是當(dāng)它指代不可數(shù)名詞時(shí)，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為單數(shù)第三人稱形式。none常與表示范圍的of 介詞短語(yǔ)連用并表示全部否定。
(1) None of them has / have got a bike.
(2) None of us is / are afraid of the ghosts.
(3) None of this money is mine.
(4) --- How many apples do you have?--- None.
none / no one 的比較
none 既可以指代人也可以指代物，強(qiáng)調(diào)數(shù)量，可以用來(lái)回答how many 開(kāi)頭的問(wèn)句。而用法與意思基本相同的no one ( nobody) 只能指代人，它們不強(qiáng)調(diào)數(shù)量，可以用來(lái)回答who開(kāi)頭的問(wèn)句。
(1) ---- How many people can you see in the picture? ----- None. (一個(gè)也沒(méi)有 )
(2)---Who is in the classroom? ---- No one. (Nobody) （沒(méi)有人）
15. enough 的用法
enough + noun./adj. / adv + enough
enough 可指代可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式可依據(jù)它指代的名詞的數(shù)來(lái)定。
(1) Enough has been said on this subject.在這一點(diǎn)上說(shuō)的已經(jīng)夠 多的了。
(2) Enough were sent to him. He no longer wanted to have such books.
(3) ---- Would you please have some more?---- No, thanks. I've had enough.
(4) I am afraid we haven't got enough time to do the work.
(5) You're old enough to learn to dress yourself.
第五課
教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)方案 Lesson 5
Step 1. Lead in
Ask the students some questions about their subjects that are learned this term, such as:
(1) How many subjects do you learn this term ?
(2) What are they? (in order to make them review the words they learnt in the last unit.)
(3) Which subject(s) do you like best? (Which is your favorite subjects ? )
(4) What do you think of chemistry ?
(5) What do you do sometimes?
(6) Where do you do the experiments ?
(7)In the chemistry lab you have to follow the teacher 's instructions. Do you agree? So what instructions may the teacher ask you to follow ?
The students may have a discussion about it and then each group has one reporter show their group's opinion.
Step 2. Listen to the dialogue
Collect the students’ instructions and then put them on the blackboard as fast as possible.Then ask them to listen to the dialogue for the information they have not mentioned. After listening the students point out the instructions that they did not mention just now. Then the students are supposed to act out the dialogue. (group work) Four students form a group and one of them is the teacher who is supposed to tell the other three students what they must do and what they must not do when they have chemistry in the lab.
Step 3. Read the dialogue
Get the students to use the Look--speak method.They should look at their books before they speak the words. When they speak the words they should look at their partners. This method helps them remember the dialogue.
Step 4. Language points
Step 5. Language focus
Get the students to identify the different structures that are used for giving instructions. Write them on the blackboard:
Don't ……/Listen….. to/ Follow/ Do ……
Please do ……/Make sure ……/Do …… is allowed ./Don't forget to ……
Point out that " allow " is usually used in the Passive when we give instructions.
Step 6. Practice
Do Part Two of SB on page 5. Do one or two examples with the whole class, then let the students work in pairs. Finally to through the exercises with the whole class for checking/extra practice. If possible let the students put forward some other instructions by giving them some other situations, such as, what you must do and must not do when you are in the hospital /library / reading room park, etc. Give some group the same task and others different tasks .Then let them show the result of their discussion.
Step 7. Homework
Finish off the workbook exercised
Review the text .
第六課
教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)方案Lesson 6
Step1. Revision the instructions for the chemistry lab
Ask the students to review what they must do and must not do when they are having class in the chemistry lab by using the “dos and don’ts”. Such as : Don’t touch anything unless the teacher tells you to do.
Step2. Presentation
Ask the students the question in order to lead in the new text.
(1) Do you like your teachers?
(2) Which teacher has impressed you most?
(3) Could you tell us something about the teacher who you like best ?
(4) What kind of teacher do you like best ?( What kind of teacher do you want ? )
Then after the students’ free talk begin the new lesson by saying “today we are going to read a story about a very interesting chemistry teacher.”
Step 3. Preparation for reading
The teacher shows the students three tubes of liquid---one is filled with white vinegar（白醋）, one with alcohol（白酒）, and the other one is filled with cooking oil（香油）.Then ask them to come to the front to taste each of the liquid in order to lead in the reading. The student who tastes the liquid must make a face after tasting because of the different taste of the liquid. Then ask all the students to watch the teacher carefully who does as the teacher in the text does. Then tell the students that the liquid is very delicious. Ask them why the teacher doesn’t make a face.
Step 4. Reading
1.Ask the students to read the text and then try to find out the following answers :
2.For the second reading the students are supposed to do the reading comprehension exercises.
(1) What does” taste”mean in paragraph 4?
A. be able to tell the difference between several things and through trying.
B. eat something
C. drink something
(2) Paul can’t forget his first chemistry teacher because .
A. The teacher was strict and kind
B. the teacher was humorous (幽默的)
C. the teacher taught him something useful in the first lesson
D. The teacher was a little man with thick glasses
(3) Before the teacher mixed the three kinds of liquids, he told the students to.
A. Watch carefully
B tell the names of the liquids
C be silent and listen to him carefully
D take out a notebook and write everything he would do
(4) How many fingers did the teacher use during the whole experiments?
(5) From the teacher’s smile, the students thought the mixture must taste.
A. Good B. Bad C. Bitter D. terrible
(6) what kind of teacher is he?
A. Excellent at teaching
B. funny
C. cunning
D. ordinary looking
(7) Why did the teacher ask the students to watch for the Second time?
A .He wanted the students to see what he would mix.
B. He wanted the students to see that he used different fingers
C. He wanted to have the students’ attention
D. He wanted the students to learn how to do experiments
(8) What does the sentence “ You must do everything as I do “ mean in paragraph 3 ?
A. You should follow me, please.
B You must do everything in the whole process（過(guò)程）of the experiment.
C You should do everything yourselves
D You should only do something.
(9) What did the teacher give to the students in the first lesson?
A. some knowledge on chemistry
B. some knowledge on experiment
C. instruction in mixing liquids
D. instruction in the right way to learn science.
(10) How did Paul think of this teacher ?
A. Disliked the teacher
B. respected（尊敬）and liked him
C. liked the teacher because the teacher looked interesting
D. liked the teacher because the teacher is a chemistry teacher and he likes chemistry very much.
Key: 1. B 2. C 3. A 4. D 5. A 6. B 7. B 8.A 9.D 10. B
Step 5. Retelling the text
Ask the students to retell the text first in pairs then individually.
Step 6. Language points.
Step 7. Homework
Finish the exercises of the workbook.
Retell the story.
第七課
教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)方案Lesson 7
Step 1. Checking the retelling and the exercises of the workbook.
Step 2. Presentation
Show the students some instructions.
Example:
(1) Open the door.(2) Close the windows.(3) Sit down.
Ask them whether these instructions are polite enough. Then ask them to make these instructions more polite. They can use the following expressions:
Could you please ┉ ?
Please do ┉ .
Can you do ┉ ?
Draw a conclusion:
The first way of asking others to do something is called “ORDER” which is not very polite enough. And the second way is called RREQUEST” which is more polite than the first one.
Step 3. Practice
1. Do the exercises of their workbook on page 64. Exercise one.
2. The students are supposed to put some orders into requests.
(1) Put all the plates in that cupboard.
(2) Shut the door and the windows.
(3) Don’t do the experiments in the classrooms.
(4) Don’t eat something before you sleep.
(5) Watch TV plays after you finish your homework.
Step 4. Language focus
Ask one of the students to stand up. And then ask the others answer the question: What did I tell him? Then help the students to say in this way: You told him to stand up.
Conclusion:
Tell somebody to do something
Tell somebody not to do something
Ask somebody to do something
Ask somebody not to do something
The first two are not so polite as the second two. Give the students some more examples:
(1) The teacher says to the students, “ Follow my instructions.”
The teacher asks the students to follow her instructions.
(2) Mary says to John, “ Don’t lock the door before turning off the lights.”
Mary asks John not to lock the door before turning off the lights.
Step 5. Practice
Do the exercise of their workbook on page 64. Exercise 2 and on page 66 exercise 2.
Step 6. Pair work for practice. Do the practice on page 7 part 3 orally.
Step 7. Homework
Finish the exercises of their workbook.
第八課
教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)方案Lesson 8
Step 1.Check their homework
Step 2. Listening
Ask the students to look through the instructions of listening task of their workbook on page 128.Then ask them to listen to the passage twice. At last check their answers.
Step 3. Preparation for writing
SB Lesson 8. Go through the instructions with the students and make sure that they know what to do. The teacher may wish to do the first two sentences orally with the whole class before they begin writing. Write the answers on the blackboard as a model.
Step 4. Fill in the blanks with the proper words.
Students are supposed to fill in the blanks with the proper words first. Then the teacher may check the answers with the whole class.
Step 5. Writing
Give the students a situation for writing.
Your parents are going to Shanghai for business. They leave you a massage that tells you what you should do and not do while they are away. Ask them to discuss about it first and then begin writing.
Step 6. Exchange their passages and then ask them to correct each other’s mistakes.
After this task the teacher may choose some of the good ones to read in front of the whole class.
Step 7.Do the exercises of their workbook.
Step 8. Homework
Finish all the exercises of the workbook.
探究活動(dòng)
Give some examples
After finished the whole dialogue, we know we are allowed to touch something in the lab, instead of forbid. In our life, for example, we can't allow to cross the street when the light is red. In theater. We don't allow to make a noise. So the Ss give some examples what conditions aren't allowed to do in our life
In the lab
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