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12月英語(yǔ)四級(jí)長(zhǎng)篇閱讀真題答案
四級(jí)閱讀的難度貌似每年都會(huì)有所提升，所以考試備考時(shí)一定不能缺少真題復(fù)習(xí)，掌握考點(diǎn)大致方向。以下是小編為大家收集的12月英語(yǔ)四級(jí)長(zhǎng)篇閱讀真題答案，僅供參考，大家一起來(lái)看看吧。
長(zhǎng)篇閱讀真題
Directions：In this section，you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.
Ban sugary drinks that will add fuel to the obesity war
[A] On a train last Thursday, I sat opposite a man who was so fat he filled more than one seat. He was pale and disfigured and looked sick to death, which he probably was: obesity(肥胖的)leads to many nasty ways of dying. Looking around the carriage, I saw quite a few people like him, including a couple of fatty children with swollen checks pressing against their eyes. These people are part of what is without exaggeration an epidemic(流行病)of obesity.
[B] But it is quite unnecessary: there is a simple idea- far from new- that could spare millions of such people a lifetime of chronic(長(zhǎng)期的)ill health, and at the same time save the National Health Service(NHS)at least ￡14 billion a year in England and Wales. There would, you might think, be considerable public interest in it. This simple idea is that sugar is as good- or as bad- as poison and should be avoided. It is pure, white and deadly, as Professor John Yudkin described it 40 years ago in a revolutionary book of that name. The subtitle was How Sugar Is Killing Us.
[C] In its countless hidden forms, in ready meals, junk food and sweet drinks, sugar leads to addiction(癮), to hormonal upsets to the appetite, to metabolic(新陳代謝的)malfunctions and obesity and from there to type 2 diabetes(糖尿病)and its many horrible complication. If people really grasped that, they would try to kick the habit, particularly as Britain is the “ fat man of Europe” . They might even feel driven to support government measures to prevent people from consuming this deadly stuff. Yet so far this idea has met little but resistance.
[D] It is not difficult to imagine the vested interests(既得利益集團(tuán))lined up against any sugar control- all the food and drink manufacturers, processors, promoters and retailers who make such easy pickings out of the magic powers of sugar. Then there are the liberals, with whom I would normally side, who protest that government regulation would be yet another instance of interference in our lives.
[E]That is true, but people should realize that you cannot have a welfare state without a nanny state(保姆國(guó)家), to some degree. If we are all to be responsible for one another’s health insurance, through socialized medicine, then we are all closely involved in one another’s health, including everyone’s eating and drinking. That has already been admitted, finally, with smoking. But it has yet to be admitted with overeating, even though one in four adults in this country is obese and that number is predicted to double by the year 2050.Quite apart from anything else, obesity will cripple the NHS.
[F]Recently, though, there have been signs that the medical establishment is trying to sound the alarm. Last month the Academy of Medical Royal Colleges(AMRC)published a report saying that obesity is the greatest public health issue affecting the UK and urging government to do something.
[G]The report offers 10 recommendations, of which the first is imposing a tax of 20 percent on sugary drinks for at least a year, on top of the existing 20 percent value-added tax. That at least would be an excellent start. The amounts of sugar in soft drinks are horrifying, and turn straight to fat. As Professor Terence Stephenson, head of the AMRC, has said, sugary soft drinks are “the ultimate bad food. You are just consuming neat sugar. Your body didn’t evolve to handle this kind of thing.”
[H]Precisely. The risks of eating too much fat or salt(which are very different)pale into insignificant compared with the harm done by sugar. And it is everywhere.
[I]It is difficult to buy anything in a supermarket, other than plain, unprepared meat, fish or vegetables, that doesn’t have a large amount of sugar in it. This has come about because the prevailing scientific views of the 1960s and 1970s ignored the evidence about sugar, and instead saw fat as the really serious risk, both to the heart and other organs, as well as the cause of obesity.
[J]The fashion was to avoid fat. But finding that food with much of its fat removed is not very appetizing, food producers turned to sugar as a magic alternative flavor enhancer, often in the forms of syrups(糖漿)that had recently been developed from corn, and put it generously into most prepared foods and soft drinks.
[K]This stuff is not just fattening. It is addictive. It interferes with the body’s metabolism, possibly via the activity of an appetite-controlling hormone. There’s plenty of evidence for this, for those who will accept the truth.
[L]Theoretically, people ought to make “healthy choices” and avoid overeating. But sugar additives are not easy to identify and are hard to avoid. So the snacking, over-drinking and over eating that makes people fat is not really their own fault: obesity is in large part something that is being done to them. It should be stopped, or rather the government should stop it.
[M]Going round my local supermarket, I am constantly astonished that it is still legal to sell all the poisons stacked high on the shelves. The problem is that they are worse than useless. They are poisonous. They are known to be addictive. They are known to make people obese. And giving small children sweet drinks or bottles of fake juice all day long is nothing less than child abuse.
[N]Clearly, the sale of such stuff ought to be illegal. I hate to think of yet more government regulation. But a bit of tax on sweet soda and a little more health education, a bit of cooking in schools and banning vending machines(自動(dòng)售貨機(jī))here and there — as suggested try the AMRC report — is not going to achieve very much. Labelling is quite inadequate. What is needed is legislation banning high levels of sugary syrups used in foods and drinks.
[O]In June 2012, the then minister for public health said the government was not scared of the food industry and had not ruled out legislation, because of the costs of obesity to the NHS. However, nothing has happened yet. Why not have another Jammie Dodger biscuit and forget about it.
47 Avoiding over-consumption of sugar can improve people’s health as well as save medical expenses.
答案：B
48 Laws should be passed to make it illegal to produce overly sweet foods or drinks.
答案：N
49 Giving small children sweet juices to drink all the time is equal to child abuse.
答案：M
50 Looking around, the author found obesity quite widespread.
答案：A
51 The number of obese people is expected to increase quickly in the next few decades.
答案：E
52 If people really understood the horrible consequences of sugary foods and drinks, they would support government measures against sugar consumption.
答案：C
53 It would be a very good beginning wo improve an additional tax on sugary drinks.
答案：G
54 The government has not yet taken any action to regulate sugar consumption although it indicated its intention to do so some time ago.
答案：C
55 Sugar is far more harmful to health than fat and salt.
答案：H
56 Consumers of sweet foods are not really to blame because they cannot tell what food is sugary.
答案：L
拓展：四級(jí)閱讀題技巧
1.四級(jí)閱讀應(yīng)該遵循怎樣的做題程序
關(guān)于閱讀，我想首先當(dāng)我們拿到一份考卷的時(shí)候，大家首先關(guān)注的點(diǎn)是我們應(yīng)該怎么做我們的題目。建議大家先看題目，再看問(wèn)題。一分鐘時(shí)間把后面的題目看一下，分別是考什么方向，考詞匯，還是考推理，還是考細(xì)節(jié)。做一個(gè)分析以后，看文章的時(shí)候，你發(fā)現(xiàn)，我這個(gè)題目主要是關(guān)注什么東西?比如說(shuō)后面有的題目是看主題的。你要看文章時(shí)，就要關(guān)注這個(gè)文章主題。
2.要做好閱讀，必須注意一些關(guān)系詞
比方說(shuō)，我們有表示觀點(diǎn)性的語(yǔ)言，表示一些結(jié)論性的語(yǔ)言，近幾年，我們表示結(jié)論性的語(yǔ)言考的量越來(lái)越多了。如果你發(fā)現(xiàn)，有文章里面，有一句話，是結(jié)論性的語(yǔ)言，它有可能會(huì)考題。 所以在考試過(guò)程當(dāng)中，要注意，我們什么地方要快看。除了專業(yè)名詞我們要快看的話，還有其他的，比如說(shuō)統(tǒng)一表達(dá)，比如說(shuō)意思比較相近的地方。尤其是并列的地方。如果你發(fā)現(xiàn)，好幾種情況并列，那么你要注意，并不是每一個(gè)并列的地方，都會(huì)考到。它只有一些重要的地方，才會(huì)考。所以同學(xué)要們注意一點(diǎn)，如果這幾個(gè)考試，有好幾個(gè)地方，好幾句話，要注意開(kāi)頭相似。好幾個(gè)句子，開(kāi)頭相似，表示并列，這些并列句子比較簡(jiǎn)單。這個(gè)地方，就得看得快一點(diǎn)兒。
3.如何有效排除閱讀題目的干擾選項(xiàng)
如果做題只看題干和四個(gè)選項(xiàng)，結(jié)合兩者的合理性，主觀猜想的話，一般是錯(cuò)的。會(huì)涉及合理但不正確。模仿原文，什么叫模仿原文。比方說(shuō)，一個(gè)選項(xiàng)有八個(gè)單詞，有四個(gè)單詞和文章一模一樣，意思也一模一樣，但是有另外四個(gè)單詞是不存在的，是一個(gè)附加信號(hào)。這樣的選項(xiàng)極有可能是錯(cuò)的。出的最難的一種是設(shè)計(jì)需要選擇最佳選項(xiàng)的選項(xiàng)。這類選項(xiàng)是四級(jí)考生錯(cuò)誤率比較高的選項(xiàng)。但我們只要知道要選擇一個(gè)最合理的。
總結(jié)正確的答題方法是，先看題目，再看文章的第一句和最后一句話，第二句和倒數(shù)第二句話，這里一般是文章的Topic所在。但要一定要注意看最后是否有“but”，如果有的話要特別注意。然后根據(jù)題目的要求在文章里面找Keywords，再一目十行的找數(shù)字。
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