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奧運項目介紹—水上運動
Aquatics (Olympic sport since 1896)
水上運動(1896年成為奧運會正式比賽項目)
The founding of the Fédération Internationale de Natation (FINA) in 1908 was a pragmatic response to an increase in international sporting events, crowned by the Olympic Games. At the first modern Olympics in 1896, three swimming contests were held. However, no universally accepted rules, regulations or definitions governed the swimming events.
20世紀初,國際性的體育運動會日漸增多,而奧運會的出現(xiàn)則使這一趨勢達到頂峰。正是在這個時期,國際游泳聯(lián)合會(簡稱“國際泳聯(lián)”)于1908成立。在1896年首屆現(xiàn)代奧運會上設(shè)置了3個游泳比賽項目。但當(dāng)時游泳比賽尚沒有統(tǒng)一的競賽規(guī)則及標準。為有效應(yīng)對這種情況,國際游泳聯(lián)合會(簡稱“國際泳聯(lián)”,英文為FINA)于1908正式成立。
The Olymhttps://p.9136.com/1wpetitions prior to FINA had included a variety of unusual events such as underwater swimming (1900), 200m obstacle swimming (1900) and plunge for distance (1904). Prior to the London Olympics, where a 100m pool was used, the ocean (1896), the River Seine (1900), and a little lake in St. Louis, USA (1904), had been used as Olympic sites.
在國際泳聯(lián)成立以前,奧運會游泳比賽曾包括一些非常規(guī)項目,如1900年奧運會上的潛泳、200米障礙泳以及1904年奧運會上的水上跳遠等。奧運會游泳賽場也是五花八門:1896年奧運會游泳比賽是在海中進行的,1900年奧運會游泳比賽在塞納河中進行,1904年奧運會的游泳比賽則選在美國圣路易斯的一個小湖中舉行。直到倫敦奧運會才開始使用100米泳池。
In order to unify the rules and create a forum for international meetings, the leaders of the eight attending countries (Germany, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Great Britain, Hungary and Sweden) met on 19 July 1908 at the Manchester Hotel, London, on the occasion of the Games of the IV Olympiad, and resolved to form a world-wide swimming association. Priority decisions or goals were clear: to standardise the rules for swimming, diving and water polo; to obtain control of world records and to maintain an up-to-date list of these records; and finally, to ensure the direction of Olymhttps://p.9136.com/1wpetitions for swimming, diving and water polo.
為了統(tǒng)一游泳競賽規(guī)則,建立一個國際泳壇的交流場所,在第四屆奧運會期間,來自德國、比利時、丹麥、芬蘭、法國、英國、匈牙利和瑞典等
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