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文書(shū)寫(xiě)作中應(yīng)注意的無(wú)性別區(qū)分詞匯

時(shí)間:2023-05-04 19:14:27 商務(wù)英語(yǔ) 我要投稿
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文書(shū)寫(xiě)作中應(yīng)注意的無(wú)性別區(qū)分詞匯

  很多人認(rèn)為,使用沒(méi)有性別區(qū)分的語(yǔ)言對(duì)于商務(wù)合同文書(shū)寫(xiě)作來(lái)說(shuō)似乎是沒(méi)有必要的,但是如果一概使用男性化的代名詞則會(huì)帶來(lái)很多麻煩。

  基于經(jīng)驗(yàn)得來(lái)的重要方法就是避免使用具有性別特征的用語(yǔ);只是在必須使用名詞才能完成句子的情況下,可以使用"他或她"("he or she")作為替代。多數(shù)情況下可以重寫(xiě)一個(gè)句子避免使用具有性別特征的名詞。下面將介紹三種方法。第一種是最理想的。不要使用“他們”代替他和她,“他們”應(yīng)該只是在指稱(chēng)復(fù)數(shù)的情況下才使用。這里的每一個(gè)規(guī)則都提供了一個(gè)避免使用具有性別特征用語(yǔ)的方法。

  1、重寫(xiě)一個(gè)句子避免使用任何名詞。通?梢杂"the" 或"a"代替該名詞。

  Incorrect: A good judge takes their job very seriously.

  Undesirable:A good judge takes his or her job very seriously.

  Better: A good judge takes the job very seriously.

  A good judge takes judging very seriously.

  Incorrect: A defendant should not be required to sacrifice their constitutional right to a fair trial for the sole benefit of allowing televised coverage of their trial.

  Better: A defendant should not be required to sacrifice his or her constitutional right to a fair trial for the sole benefit of allowing televised coverage of his or her trial.

  Best: A defendant should not be required to sacrifice the constitutional right to a fair trial for the sole benefit of allowing televised coverage of the trial.

  2、如果必要的話(huà),使用"one"代替"he or she"或"his or her"。但是,如果可能的話(huà),也應(yīng)該避免使用這一表達(dá),因?yàn)?one"這個(gè)詞用起來(lái)并不容易。

  不理想的:

  A person who masters the basic rules of grammar, punctuation, and good writing is likely to impress his or her supervisors.

  較理想的:

  One who masters the basic rules of grammar, punctuation, and good writing is likely to impress one’’s supervisors.

  3、如果必要的話(huà),將主語(yǔ)由單數(shù)改為復(fù)數(shù)。如果你所指的并非一個(gè)明確的個(gè)體而是一類(lèi)個(gè)體,你可以使用一個(gè)復(fù)數(shù)的主語(yǔ),這樣就可以避免使用具有性別特征的名詞,同時(shí)還可以避免不正確地使用“他們”("their")這個(gè)名詞。

  Incorrect: A teacher must communicate clearly with their students.

  Also Incorrect: A teacher must communicate clearly with her students.

  Better: A teacher must communicate clearly with his or her students.

  Best: Teachers must communicate clearly with their students.

  4、避免使用"s/he"作為名詞正確的替代。有人提議采用"s/he"代替"he or she.",但是"s/he"并非一個(gè)單詞,而且也不容易讀。(能將之讀為"she"或"s 斜線(xiàn)he"嗎?哪個(gè)讀音可。浚 

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