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A級考前技巧輔導-寫作
寫作內(nèi)容
普通高校?朴⒄Z應(yīng)用能力考試第五部分為寫作,要求考生在25分鐘內(nèi)寫出一段不少于80詞的短文。根據(jù)高職高專應(yīng)用考試大綱要求,寫作主要測試考生套寫應(yīng)用性短文、商務(wù)信函、履歷、合同、通知、請貼等實用性文字的能力等。寫作考試旨在測試考生的綜合能力,其中包括詞匯、句型、語法、運用英語邏輯組織短文的能力以及對應(yīng)用文基本格式、基本用途等的了解。要求文章切題,思想表達正確,意義連貫,文理基本通順,無重大語法錯誤。??
寫作評分原則及標準
作文評分標準從表達和語言兩方面,只給一個分數(shù),即給印象分(global/impression marking)。評分時應(yīng)給考生應(yīng)得(rewarding)分數(shù)評定,不要扣分(penalty)方式評定。分數(shù)可以為四個等級,即:?
1) 11分:內(nèi)容完整,表達清楚;語言上僅有很少的錯誤。?
2) 8分:內(nèi)容較完整,表達尚清楚;有一些語言錯誤,可以有個別句子結(jié)構(gòu)上的錯誤。?
3) 5分:內(nèi)容大體完整,表達可被勉強理解;有較多的語言錯誤,包括少量嚴重錯誤。?
4) 2分:內(nèi)容不完整,但是沒有離題;表達上有較大的困難;語言有很多錯誤,包括少量嚴重錯誤。?
如果試卷的得分可高于或低于某一得分等級,則應(yīng)加1分或減1分,例如:高于11分者可給12分,低于8分者可給7分,如果不按提示寫作文或語言表達完全無法理解,應(yīng)給0分?傊,評分時力求準確,防止趨中傾向。?字數(shù)不得少于80字。字數(shù)不夠,會扣分,每少10個字扣1分。??
寫作技巧指導
普通高校?朴⒄Z應(yīng)用能力考試寫作主要以測試學生應(yīng)用文寫作為主,主要包括商務(wù)信函、報告、合同、通知、履歷等等。根據(jù)以往考試情況,出現(xiàn)頻率較高的主要有信函和履歷等內(nèi)
容,F(xiàn)將這兩種應(yīng)用文體的寫作技巧、注意事項以及一些常用句型等作一些介紹:?
書信:
書信是重要的交際工具,普通高校高職高專應(yīng)用考試大綱要求考生能寫簡短的英文書信,并對格式等作出了相應(yīng)的要求。這一類書信主要包括事務(wù)信函和私人信函。事務(wù)信函一般談?wù)?/p>
或處理重要事務(wù),包括諸如推薦信、謀職信、申請信、邀請信、貿(mào)易邀約和答復、感謝信、
索賠信等等。所有這一類信件均為相對來講正式的文體,應(yīng)遵循一定的格式和套用禮貌語
等。?
格式?
英文書信通常由六個部分組成:信頭(heading),信內(nèi)地址(inside address),稱呼(salutation),正文(body of letter),信尾謙稱(complementary close),簽名(signature),有時有附啟。?
1) 信頭(the heading)?
信頭指發(fā)信人的地址和寫信日期。通常寫在第一頁的右上角,行首可齊頭寫,也可以逐行縮進去寫,地址由小到大,可包括公司、單位名稱、地址、電話號碼、電報掛號、傳真號、郵編等。如:?
New Orientaion Fashion House?
112 Wangalo P, Bangkok 1300, Thailand?
Tel:638-1277Fax: 638-1232?
Website: [ZZ(Q]Http://www. newofh@ 112. thai
May 02, 2003??
English Department, class 2002?
Foreign Language Department?
Hubei University of Ecnomics?
Wuhan, China?
July 8, 2003?
2) 信內(nèi)地址(the inside address):?
信內(nèi)地址即收信人的姓名、地址,寫在對收信人的稱呼上面,在私人信件中這一部分常省略。?
3) 稱呼(the salutation):?
對收信人的稱呼與左邊線對齊寫在收信人姓名、地址下面兩行處,英國人常在稱呼后面用逗號,美國人用冒號。如:Dear Professor / Prof. Smith:/, Dear Mr/Ms Green:/, ?
To whom it may concern:(敬啟者:僅用于推薦信,證明信,鑒定書之類的正規(guī)文體)?
Dear colleague:(用與稱呼同一類職業(yè)的人,可供多人傳閱)?
4) 正文(the body of the letter):正文是整封信的最主要部分,或者說是內(nèi)容。正文要根據(jù)信中涉及的事情多少,用一段或多段寫完,做到眉目清秀,有條不紊。?
5) 結(jié)束用語(the complementary close):結(jié)束用語指寫信人對收信人的謙稱,一般寫在信紙的右下方,如:Faithfully yours, Respectfully yours, Sincerely yours 等等。?
6) 簽名(the signature):簽名一般是在結(jié)束用語之下的一至二行的地方,一般用鋼筆親手簽名,再在下面用打字機打出姓名職務(wù)打在打字姓名的下方。?
附言一般情況下不用。如非用不可,可縮寫成P.S.。?
商務(wù)信函語言應(yīng)注意簡潔明了,完整具體,謙虛有禮,避免糾紛,不需要用一些華麗的詞藻。下面一些開頭結(jié)尾常用句型可供參考:?
With reference to your advertisement in today’s China Daily, I should like to apply for the job of ...?
In answer to / In reply to / With reference to your advertisement in today’s Thames for a position of ...?
Thank you for your letter of 2nd June, we are interested in your ...?
I am writing to you to express my wish to join in your company ...?
I should be very grateful if you could let me have details of ...?
Thank you for the information about ...?
Will you please kindly let me know ...?
We thank you for your enquiry of 10th September and are pleased to send you our quotation for ...?
Looking forward to your early reply.?
We hope that you will be able to join us and look forward to seeing you then.?
Thank you for your kind early reply.?
In compliance with your request, we are quoting therefore for your decision ...
We sincerely appreciate your inquiry. If you need additional information, please feel free to contact us.?
Awaiting your early and favorable reply.?
We would be appreciated for your help and we await your earliest reply.?
履歷:
在近幾年的?茟(yīng)用能力考試中,履歷的翻譯、套寫或直接寫作越來越多,現(xiàn)將履歷的基本
寫法和注意事項介紹如下:?
1) 履歷的基本組成部分:?
Heading 標題?
Contact Information(name, telephone number and address)聯(lián)系方式(姓名,電話,地址等)?
Work Objective 應(yīng)聘職位?
Education(degrees, majors, schools, dates, major courses, special training)?
教育背景(學歷,專業(yè),學校,時間,專業(yè)課程,特殊培訓等)?
Work Experience(paid, unpaid, and part-time employment, job titles, employers, dates, skills, accomplishments, duties and responsibilities)?
工作經(jīng)歷(有薪,無薪,正式/非正式工作,職位,公司或單位,時間,技能,成就,職責)
特殊技能(外語,計算機應(yīng)用等)?
Qualifications任職資格?
Main Achievements主要成就?
Honors & Awards榮譽和證書?
Certificates / Licenses:(Foreign languages, computer applications)證書或執(zhí)照?
Professional Affiliations / Professional membership專業(yè)協(xié)會會員資格?
Training培訓?
Publications出版物?
Hobbies and interests興趣愛好?
Personal Strengths(sex, age, marital status, birth place, height, weight, health,positive personality, willingness to relocate / travel, other information supporting work objective)?
個人信息(性別,年齡,婚姻狀況,出生地,身高,體重,健康狀況,個性,服從調(diào)譴,愿意出差,及其它能反映工作意愿的信息)?
References(2 or 3 references: their names, positions, addresses and telephone numbers)?
證明人(二至三人:姓名,職位,地址,電話)?
2) 履歷的書寫除了內(nèi)容以外,還應(yīng)注意其語言和編排設(shè)計,應(yīng)正規(guī),不夸張,盡量使讀者信服。?
下面有一中英文對照的例文可供參考:??
RESUME
Zhang Yang?
Room 430, NO. 563, Xu Dong Avenue, Wuhan 430000?
(027)6869 3332Zy33 87@yahoo.com?
EDUCATION:
B. A. degree, Hubei Technical College, 1999-2003/9/5
Wuhan 15??th? High School, 1996-1999?
Major: Marketing?
Main courses:
Marketing Theory and Practice
Marketing Department Management
Marketing Statistics
Business Communications?
Honors and Awards:
First-class college scholarship (2001-2002)
Third prize in College English Speech Contest (June, 2002)
First prize in College’s “Visual Art Competition”(Brush Painting)(2000)
?
Certifications:
CET 6(Excellent)
BEC Level 2(achieved EXCELLENCE in Spoken English Exam).
National Computer Rank Examination Certificate Grade 2?
SKILLS:
Excellent writt
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